The Kidnapping of Şehzade Halil was an important event in 14th century Ottoman-Byzantine relations. Şehzade Halil was an Ottoman prince who was born probably in 1346. His father was Orhan, the second bey of the Ottoman beylik (later empire). His mother was Theodora Maria Kantakouzene, the daughter of Byzantine emperor John VI Kantakouzenos and Irene Asanina.
In the mid-14th century, piracy along the Aegean Sea and the Marmara Sea coasts was widespread. The pirates usually kidnapped people for ransom. In 1357 they kidnapped Halil near İzmit (ancient Nikomedia) on the Marmara coast. It is not known whether they knew the identity of their prey beforehand, but upon learning it, they escaped to Phocaea (modern Foça) on the Aegean coast. Phocaea was a Byzantine fort recently captured from Republic of Genoa and commanded by Leo Kalontheros. Orhan appealed to the Byzantine emperor Andronikos IV Palaiologos to rescue his son. He offered to cancel Byzantine debts and promised not to support the Kantakouzenos family's claims on the Byzantine throne. Andronikos agreed and tried to rescue Halil, but Leo was reluctant and in 1358 Andronikos had to lay siege to Phocaea with a small fleet of three vessels (the expenses of which were paid by Orhan).[1] He also called Ilyas Bey, the ruler of Saruhan (a small Turkmen beylik in west Anatolia formed after the disintegration of the Sultanate of Rum), for a joint operation against Phocaea. However Ilyas was playing both sides and planning to kidnap Andronikos during a hunting party. Nevertheless Andronikos was able to forestall his plans by arresting him.[2] Without Saruhan collaboration he lifted the siege. After the failure of the 1358 operations, Orhan came to Scutari (modern Üsküdar) on the Asiatic shore of the Bosporus for talks and agreed to pay 30000 ducats as a ransom. In 1359, Halil was released.
As a part of the agreement, Halil was engaged to Irene Palaiologina, the 10 year old daughter of John V Palaiologos.[3] Since Halil's elder brother Şehzade Süleyman had already died, the Palaiologos family hoped to see him as the new crown prince of the Ottoman beylik. But to their dismay, after Orhan’s death Murat I was enthroned as the new bey.[1] Although Halil tried to fight for the throne he was executed in 1361 or 1362.